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Savers told to save £800 a month for moderate retirement

UK workers need to save £799 a month into their pension to be able to achieve a moderate retirement, research has shown.

The calculations were produced by the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries – using the retirement living standards published earlier this month by the Pensions and Lifetime Savings Association - which concluded savers will need to save well above the automatic enrollment minimum contribution rate to achieve a moderate or comfortable income in retirement.

According to the IFoA, an individual aiming for a minimum income retirement target – a pension of £10,200 per year - should be saving £86 per month, on average, from the start of their working life.

This should be covered by the contribution they and their employer have to make under auto-enrollment.

However, to work towards a moderate level of income of £20,200 a year, the amount of savings required rises, with individuals needing to save £799 a month on average over their entire working life.

This represents about a quarter (26 per cent) of earnings for someone on an average full time salary, according to the IFoA.

Source: maria.espadinha@ft.com of FT Adviser

How much should I pay into my pension?

So how much should I pay into my pension? The first thing to do is re-figure your thinking …your question should be how much should I invest for my future well being for when I am older? A good “ball park” figure would be up to 10 times your average working-life salary by the time you retire. So if your average salary is £30,000 you should aim for a pension pot of around £300,000.

From an actuarial perspective you should save 12.5 percent of your monthly salary. So if your annual salary is £30,000 you would save £312.50 a month – which over 40 years at 4% growth could build a pension pot of over £300,000. But remember with the benefit of tax-relief (at 20%) your net contribution would be £250.00 a month, a little more manageable.

A workplace pension this is even more achievable, if your employer matches your contributions. You would only need to pay in £125 per month (5 percent of your salary) which your employer would double up to £250. Tax relief of 20 per cent then takes this up to the required £312.50.

But how much will I really need?

How much do you need to live comfortably?

For a quick estimate, try the '50-70' rule. This suggests that you should aim for an annual income that is between 50 and 70 percent of your working income. So if you earn £50,000 now, you will want to achieve somewhere between £25,000 and £35,000 a year.

Having said that you may wish to plan in a more detailed way in which case you will need to consider the following:

  1. What is your current monthly expenditure 

  2. Deduct any regular costs that may no longer apply after retirement, such as

    • mortgage repayments (if you expect to have paid off your mortgage by then)

    • work travel costs

    • pension contributions

    • regular savings

  3. Make any additional deductions for reduced housekeeping costs (e.g. if you have children who will no longer live at home). A smaller household can mean lower bills for

    • food

    • energy

    • entertainment

    • transport

    • holidays

  4. Think about any other savings you could make, such as

    • running fewer / cheaper cars

    • taking holidays at cheaper times

This will give you a new figure for the monthly income on which you could, in theory, live comfortably.

What extra money might I need in retirement?

Some say that retirement is the longest holiday you will ever have so you may wish to consider:

  • Luxury holidays

  • Home repairs / improvements

  • Dental / medical expenses

  • Vet’s bills (if you have pets)

  • Helping children financially

  • Saving for care costs in later life

This might mean a higher income, or just a larger pension pot (this depends on how you choose to take your pension, which we’ll come to in a minute).

But remember that typically the cost of living doubles every 25 years, so work out what it might be by the time you retire (and also by the end of your retirement!).

How long will my retirement be?

The problem most of us share, is that we don’t come with an expiration date attached so we never know how long we are going to be here and how much we need to save but you need an idea of how long your retirement could last. This means estimating:

  • Your retirement age

  • How long you will live

A typical retirement age might be 65. You may wish to retire sooner, but you’ll need to factor this into your calculations (as it means less time saving and also more time living off your pension). If you retire later than 65, you may not need to save as much (but will probably be able to save more!).

Lifespan is less easy to guess, but you can get a rough idea (based on your health and lifestyle) using a life expectancy calculator. Broadly, an average 40-year-old today who retires aged 65 could expect to live to 82 – meaning a 17-year retirement. Those who keep fit and have a healthier lifestyle could add 5 to 10 years to this. That’s good news for you, but it does mean you’ll need more savings.

How much state pension will I receive?

If you qualify for the full new state pension, you’ll receive £168.60 per week from your state pension age. This age is currently 65, but for those born after 5 April 1960 it is 66, rising to 67 for anyone born after 5 March 1961.

This works out as an income of £8,767 per year, guaranteed for life. The amount will also increase over time, so will maintain its buying power - and when inflation and/or wage growth is below 2.5 per cent it will actually outgrow both of them, thanks to the 'triple lock'. On its own it’s clearly not enough to live on, but may be vital in helping you achieve a sustainable retirement income from your private pension(s).

Do I have any final salary pensions?

Add this figure to your state pension to keep a running total of your guaranteed income.

Now you can start to work out how much more income you might need from other pension pots.

How big should my pension pot be?

Now you can ask, ‘What size pension pot do I need?’ You should now have the two most important figures to hand:

  • Your preferred annual income in retirement

  • Your guaranteed income in retirement

Deduct your guaranteed income from your preferred income to find the amount you’ll need to generate from other sources (e.g. your pension pots).

How much can I pay into my pension?

Up to now we’ve only asked ‘How much should I pay into my pension?’ – but the other big question, especially for higher earners, is how much you’re permitted to pay in.

There is an annual allowance (how much you can pay into your pension each year) and a lifetime allowance (how much you can pay into your pension in your lifetime) that both limit the amount you can save into pensions and still get tax relief.

How much can I pay into my pension if unemployed?

If you earn less than £3,600 you can pay up to £2,880 a year into a personal pension (e.g. a stakeholder pension or a SIPP). This money benefits from tax relief to become £3,600 (and since you’re not actually paying tax, this is exceptionally good value). This is enough to build up a decent-sized pension pot – in 20 years you could have over £100,000, and in 30 you could have over £200,000.

How can I stop my pension from running out?

If you’d rather have the safeguard of a guaranteed income for life, you may prefer to buy an annuity with your pension pot rather than use a drawdown scheme. The advantage of an annuity is that it never runs out. The downside is that the annual income may be lower than with a drawdown scheme.

Am I saving enough into my pension?

The first thing to do is find out how much is in your pension pots now. You may also have old pension pots from previous employment – track these down and ask your adviser about combining them into one pot (‘pension consolidation’).

Your pension provider should be able to give a projection of your expected pension pot at the age of 65 (or whenever you plan to retire). You can also ask a financial adviser to give you an independent forecast.

You can then discuss your retirement income needs with your adviser, who will be able to tell you if your projected pension pot will be large enough to meet them. If not, he or she can recommend an affordable increase in your monthly pension contributions.

Remember: every pension contribution you make benefits from at least 20 per cent tax relief, and if you have a workplace pension your employer also contributes to it – making it the single most efficient way to save money for your future.

Making the most of your financial adviser.

Here are five ways you can make the most of having a financial pro on your side, and understand how to best use a financial planner so they can maximize the value they provide to you.

1. Be open, honest, and coachable

This should go without saying, but a financial planner cannot help you if you don't share openly with them. That means disclosing all the details of your financial life — and I know that can be really difficult to do.

But remember, your planner isn't here to judge you (or shouldn't be; this is why it's really important to do a gut check to make sure you actually like and trust your planner before hiring them).

Your planner should create a safe place for you to lay everything out on the table. Together, you need to understand where things stand now in order to make the best comprehensive plan for moving forward and getting to where you want to go with your financial life.

In addition to sharing the numbers, share your thoughts, goals, fears, and worries, too.

Personal finance is personal; money is much more emotional than purely analytical. How you feel about your finances will impact your behaviour and your actions, so sharing openly with your planner will help them design a strategy you will implement.

There are probably a lot of routes and options that will eventually get you to where you want to go. The best one is the one you'll actually stick with over time. 

Finally, you also want to be coachable. That means being:

  • Open to feedback (and also open to change, based on that feedback)

  • Willing to take action once you have a strategy in hand

  • Ready to ask questions

  • Interested in learning

The best financial planner in the world won't do you a bit of good if you're not willing to change or consider new things in the process of reaching your goals.

2. Accept the accountability your planner can provide

Knowing what to do is one thing — and your financial planner can certainly tell you the right things to do with your money to make the most of it and build wealth over time. 

But how many times have you started a diet or exercise program because you knew that's what you needed to do to gain muscle or lose weight… only to find you fell off the wagon less than two weeks into your new routine?

Knowledge typically isn't enough when it comes to behaviour change, updating habits, and making progress toward long-term goals that could take months or years to achieve.

To best use a financial planner, definitely take advantage of the knowledge, advice, and wisdom they can give you… but make sure you lean on them for the accountability piece, too. 

Your planner should assign you action items or tasks to take after each meeting in order to move forward.

These could be really tangible, like "increase your contribution to your pension plan," or "transfer that extra cash from your current account to a short-term savings goal or a long-term investment account." 

Or they could be really intangible, like "talk with your partner about your priorities and be ready to share at our next meeting," and "think through what you would like to do next: buy a house or start a business." 

In either case, your planner should also follow up with the accountability to make sure you get this done. Just like a personal trainer holds you accountable to getting in the gym and doing the reps, a planner can send reminders, check in with you between meetings, and make sure things don't slip through the cracks as you make progress with your plan.

3. Listen, especially when they advise against something

Most people are focused on what a planner will tell them to do to reach their goals. But one of the most valuable things you can get from a relationship with a financial planner is listening to them when they tell you not to do something.

When you get panicky and want to sell out of your positions in your investment that you set up for long-term wealth building? Listen when your adviser says, "let's sit tight and stick to the strategy we designed before you felt emotional about this."

When you feel pressured to buy a home because your local market is hot? Listen when your adviser says, "I understand you don't want to miss out, but the plan we built has you buying a home in 5 years. Let's keep working on building up the deposit you need to buy the house you want."

Your adviser can help you stay focused, disciplined, and consistent with the actions you need to take — and avoid — on your way to building wealth.

 4. Ask for referrals to other professionals who can go to bat for you

You probably worked really hard to find a financial planner you trust, like, and enjoy working with — and repeating this process for every professional you need on your team sounds a little overwhelming, doesn't it?

Thankfully, you can just ask your adviser for referrals and recommendations.

Most planners have a professional network because they know that's a huge value-add to provide to their clients.

So when you need a solicitor or an accountant, ask your financial adviser for a referral to someone they know.

5. Uncover your blind spots

What we know typically falls into two categories:

  • The stuff we know we know

  • The stuff we know we don't know

These two areas are pretty easy to manage. When we know things, we can use that knowledge to our advantage. If we know that we do not know other things, we can choose to learn or ask questions to get the answers we need from experts who do have a particular domain knowledge.

Where we can get into trouble, however, is with a third category of knowledge:

The stuff we don't know we don't know.

In other words, we can get into trouble with our blind spots. When we don't know we don't know something, we don't have the questions to ask. We don't know what we need to learn. 

The blind spots aren't the problem. It's not asking someone to check them for you that will cause issues. This is where your financial planner can come in.

They can provide an objective, outside perspective on your finances and your financial plan to look for those things you didn't even know to check or ask about.

Together, they can work with you to eliminate blind spots and shore up your defences against the unknown.

The potential shock awaiting retirees

The potential shock awaiting retirees

 A  study in April 2109 shows there could be an unwelcome surprise for those who save too little, too late.

How much income do you think you’ll need in retirement? *1

Research shows that UK investors expect to need an income equal to two-thirds of their current salary to afford to live comfortably. Yet, the average amount received by today’s retirees is far less, at 53% of final salary.

This gap spells disappointment for those individuals and couples who do not have the funds to support the lifestyle they would like in retirement. It also raises the rather difficult question of how much of our salary we should be putting away to maintain our lifestyles after we stop working.

According to research by Schroders, a 25-year-old who would like to retire on a two-thirds pension at 65 should be tucking away 15% of their salary each year.

At that savings rate, an average annual return of 2.5% above inflation would create a pot large enough to produce a retirement income to meet their target.

But if that person was to save 10% of their salary, the annual return they’d need would shoot up to 4.2% over inflation. 

If they were to save only 5% of their salary (the current overall minimum contribution rate for auto-enrolment), they may need returns that exceed inflation by 7%. 

Unfortunately, history is not on the side of investors relying on achieving that rate of return over the medium to long term.

The Schroders research revealed general acknowledgement by non-retired people that they need to be saving more to achieve the standard of living they want in retirement. The difference between what they are saving, and what think they should be saving, was the biggest amongst Generation X – individuals aged between 37 and 50 – indicating perhaps a growing concern that they are at risk of leaving it too late.

“To have the best chance of a comfortable retirement, the lesson for younger workers is to start saving early,” says Lesley-Ann Morgan, Head of Retirement at Schroders. “Leaving retirement saving until you are nearing your 50s and 60s is likely to be too late to make up the savings gap.”

saving-rates-returns-required-replacement-chart-cs00021.jpg

It’s about time

Some experts suggest that if you leave retirement saving until age 40, then you’ll need to put away at least 20% of your income – and that you should maintain this percentage as your earnings increase.

If that's a tall order, there might be other opportunities to boost your savings rate; for example, a bonus or inheritance could make a big difference to your long-term prospects. So, if you have surplus cash that is not earmarked for other purposes and you haven’t used all your pension allowances, making a one-off pension contribution can be a smart way to get nearer that retirement goal.

Time is your biggest ally when it comes to saving, thanks to the power of compounding. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t significant opportunities to catch up, and the end of the tax year presents an ideal opportunity to do so.

Source: 1 Schroders, Global Investor Study 2018

So what is a good pension pot at 55?

According to Scottish Widows, someone who has left pension saving to their 50s would need to put away £1,445 a month to achieve a £23,000 annual income at retirement.

This estimate was derived using The Telegraph Pensions Calculator, assuming someone earning £30,000 a year, with contributions being supplemented with a 4% employer contribution. The calculations allow for inflation, both in discounting back the final results so they’re in ‘today’s money’ and in assuming that contributions increase with earnings each year.

If you are in your 50s, make sure you check when you’ll start receiving your State Pension. Research by YouGov for the charity Age UK conducted in December 2018 found that one in four people aged between 50 and 64, equivalent to nearly three million people, don’t know what their State Pension age is.

Source: Schroders

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